Bale
Compressed rectangular package of fibre, easy for transportation.

Binder
Liquid adhesive used to bond fibres in a batting to each other to increase the strength of the batting.

Binder fiber
Low melt polyester often used in a blend with other fibres then is run through an oven. When heated, the melted binder fibre bonds the other fibres together to increase the strength of the batting. Often, binder fibres are bicomponent, with an inner core of standard polyester and a sheath of low melting polyester.

Carding Machine
A machine used for opening the tuft of fibre by mechanical combing action.

Crimp
The "waviness" of a single fibre.

Crimp amplitude
The height of one "wave" of a single fibre.

Crimp frequency
The number of crimps, or waves, per inch of fibre.

Denier
The weight in grams of 9,000 meters of a fibre. It is an indication of the thickness of the fibre. The lower the denier, the finer the fiber.

Fiber migration
Occurs when fibres "leak" through their containing fabric. Migration can be controlled by using more tightly woven lower air porosity fabrics that do not allow fibres to pass through; or by using a find denier filling fibre. This is also known as percolation.

Fiberfill
A staple fibre used for cushioning or insulation. It is used in furniture, pillows, mattresses, comforters, mattress pads, sleeping bags, and insulating apparel.

Flame resistant
The ability to self extinguish after being set on fire and the flame source is removed.

Flame retardant
The ability to resist being set on fire and supporting a flame.

Flammability test
Tests performed to determine the flame resistance and flame retardency of a fabric or fibre.

Garnet
A piece of equipment used to align or straighten fibers, similar to a card. It was originally designed to convert chindis (small fabric pieces) to fibres.

Hollow Fibre
This fibre is hollow in cross-section as against normal fibre, which is solid.

Low Melt Polyester Fibre
Polyester Fibre has a melting point of about 257oC. Low melt polyester fibre, on the other hand, has a much lower melting point in the range of 110^o-150^oC..

Minicard
A small version of the carding machine. Fibre is passed through two moving rollers having rows of combs. This action individualises the fibre.

Needlepunching
Binding a web to a fabric mechanically using needles. This is also used to make batting dense and more compact.

Open Fibre
Fibre in the Individualised form.

Percolation
Occurs when fibres "leak" through their containing fabric. Migration can be controlled by using more tightly woven lower air porosity fabrics that do not allow fibres to pass through; or by using a finer denier filling fibres. This is also known as fibre migration.

Pinjan
A Manual mechanical blowing machine by which fibre can be opened or indivualised.

Point bonding
Using heat and pressure in a pattern to bind fibres or fabrics.

Polyester
A synthetic fibre made from polymer that is at least 85% by weight of an ester of a dihydric alchol and terephthalic acid.

Wadding
The fibre product resulting from carding or garneting fibre. A soft web of fibre in sheet form.